11th International Congress on Psychopharmacology & 7th International Symposium on Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

OBJECTIVE: The available evidence suggests that the main pathological processes underlying Bipolar Disorder and the potential harmful effects of mood episodes are closely related to changes in disorder activity and mood status. Although there are several studies on the existence of a relationship, the results are contradictory. Inflammatory changes occur in various episodes of Bipolar Disorder (BD) Type 1. These changes can be considered as peripheral symptoms of the disorder. In this study, we aimed to compare the inflammatory biomarkers in the BD patients in the manic, depressive and euthymic period with the healthy controls. METHODS: Interleukins (IL) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) values were measured and compared in 78 healthy controls with 108 patients with BD. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of age (p = .040) and educational status (p = .002). There were no statistically significant differences between the BD subgroups with regard to clinical variables such as the age of onset (p = .862), duration of disease (p = .389) and the age of hospitalization (p = .092). In the subgroup of mania, the rate of psychiatric hospitalization was higher than depression or other subgroups (p = .047). When the blood values of peripheral biomarkers (IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10 and TNFα) were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the values of the peripheral biomarkers of all BD patients and the control group. The levels of IL10 were higher in the control group than in the BD group, but not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: As a result, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups when comparing serum concentrations of basic IL and TNF in the BD group and control group. There was no difference in the comparison among the patient groups. IL-2 and IL-4 and manic episodes of IL-2 in manic episode were not significant. Therefore, in order to clarify the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers in BD and its possible association with pharmacological treatments, biomarker measurements are required in larger patient samples and ideally at different mood stages and even at different times of the same attack.

Differences in cognitive performance in patients with major depressive disorder treated with escitalopram, venlafaxine or vortioxetine Subjects included in the study had similar scores in HDRS (X between 17.6 and 17.9) and BDI (X between 17.4 and 18.1), and also in MoCA (X between 26.8 and 29.2) and PDQ-D (X between 10.7 and 11.8) at the beginning. Subjects with other psychiatric medications or with mental retardation or dementia were excluded. RESULTS: After 3 months of treatment, there was symptomatic improvement, with a significant decrease in HDRS and BDI scores (p < .01 for the three antidepressants, and p < .005 for BDI in patients treated with vortioxetine). There were no significant differences after 3 months of treatment in MoCA scores in escitalopram and venlafaxine groups, but a mild increase in the vortioxetine group (26.7 vs. 29.1, p < .05). There was a significant decrease in PDQ-D scores in patients with venlafaxine (11.2 vs. 8.7, p < .05) and more marked with vortioxetine (11.8 vs. 5.3, p < .001), but not in escitalopram group (9.7 vs. 10). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with vortioxetine (10 mg/day) showed to be as effective as treatment with escitalopram (20 mg/day) and venlafaxine (150 mg/day) in improving depressive symptoms measured with HDRS and BDI in patients with Major Depression Disorder after 12 weeks. And also it demonstrated to improve clearly subjective cognitive performance compared with escitalopram and venlafaxine when measured with PDQ-D. And, contrary to escitalopram and venlafaxine treatment outcomes, to reach a mild improvement in objective cognitive performance, measured with MoCA. Objective patient's cognitive performance and patient's selfperceived cognitive difficulties should be considered when choosing antidepressant treatments.  rehabilitation goals in people with severe schizophrenia, who probably would need higher doses. The impact of inadequate treatment may contribute to relapse, hospitalization, loss of function, and suicidality. Long-acting-injectable antipsychotics, although established agents for the treatment of schizophrenia, differ in their formulation, pharmacodynamics, and dosing regimens. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness and tolerability of high doses of aripiprazole once-monthly injectable (over 400 mg/month) in patients with severe (GCI-S of 5 and over) schizophrenia, and also treatment retention. METHODS: Eighteen-month prospective, observational study of patients with schizophrenia who underwent treatment with aripiprazole once-monthly at doses of 600 mg and over in order to get clinical stabilization (n = 8). Assessment of effectiveness included the GCI-S, the WHO-DAS and the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) at the beginning and after 3 and 12 months of treatment. Drug tolerance was monitored with laboratory tests, weight and adverse effects reported. Other psychopharmacological treatments, hospital admissions and reasons for discharge were registered. RESULTS: The average dose of aripiprazole once-monthly was 720 (110) mg. (range: 600-800). Tolerability was good, with less and mild side effects reported than with previous treatments. And there were no discharges due to side effects or to relevant biological parameters alterations. Weight and prolactin levels decreased, but not significantly. Retention rate in treatment after 18 months was 100%. Effectiveness was high: after 18 months with high doses, GCI-S decreased from 5.3 (0.6) to 4.4 (0.7) (p < .01) and also WHO-DAS, in the four areas: selfcare, p < .01; occupational, p < .05; family, p < .01; and social impairment, p < .01). The MARS increased from 4.9 (0.7) to 9.2 (0.9), p < .005. Changes were significant (p < .05 and over) since assessment visits at 3th or 6th month of treatment. There were no hospital admissions. And there was also a decrease in the use of other antipsychotics and, specially, of antiparkinsonian treatments. CONCLUSIONS: We highlight that the tolerability and effectiveness of aripiprazole once-monthly doses higher than 400 mg every 28 days in routine clinical practice is very good, showing a very low discontinuation rate, and being useful in improving treatment adherence for patients with schizophrenia who have severe symptoms and impairment. And who got clinical stabilization and also achieve better social functioning levels and increased awareness of illness with those high doses. No treatment discontinuation supports such good tolerability and patient acceptance of injectable aripiprazole as maintenance treatment. The clinical advantages of the results will provide additional guidance to clinicians who are considering the management of severely symptomatic patients with high doses of aripiprazole once-monthly as an alternative approaching (i.e. to clozapine). patients died during the follow-up, four of them by suicide (2%; suicide rates among people with schizophrenia in standard treatment in Spain between 5% and 10%). Sixty-five per cent of all patients were treated with second-generation long-acting-injectable antipsychotics (risperidone, paliperidone and aripiprazol), with high tolerability. Among them, there was higher retention (4 vs. 16 patients voluntary discharges; p < .01) and less suicides than patients with oral antipsychotics (1 vs. 3 patients). CONCLUSIONS: Retention in the treatment of patients with severe schizophrenia in a casemanaged programme and treated with second-generation long-acting antipsychotics was really high and seemed to be useful to decrease the high rates of suicide among them. Both treatment characteristics (case management and 2G-LAI antipsychotic use) helped to improve treatment compliance and suicide rates than standard treatment and oral medications. Our results highlight that a combination of case-managed monitoring and LAI treatment helped to improve treatment compliance and to reduce suicidal behaviour compared to standard treatment in patients with severe schizophrenia.
[ METHODS: When the medical records of the patients in the locked inpatient psychiatry unit were examined, it was learned that 45 patients had narratives of substance use. 86.7% were male and 13.3% were female and the mean age was 19.06 (SS ± 11.37) and mean duration of substance use was 5.6 (SS ± 10.87) years. The educational status of the patients were 40% high school graduates, 33.3% (n = 5) high school students, 13.3% primary school graduates, 6.7% university graduates. The substance used by the patients were bonzai (73.3%), cannabis (66.7%), bally (13.3%) and ecstasy (MDMA) (13.3%). RESULTS: Simultaneous use of cigarettes and alcohol in 80% of patients, smoking in 13.3%, smoking and alcohol abuse in 6.7% were observed. It was learned that 73.3% of the patients started to use the substance in the friendship environment. It was observed that 73.3% of the patients did not come to follow-up interviews after discharge. Sixty per cent of the patients were working and 40% were not involved in any work. CONCLUSIONS: Substance abuse is a common public issue. Early diagnosis and treatment of substance abuse are so important. Effectiveness of donepezil in patients with the combined abuse of cannabis and tramadol suffering from cognitive impairment

Inara Ilgizovna Khayredinova and Zarifjon Sharifovich Ashurov
Department of Psychiatry and Addictions, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have a great evidence base in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, however in patients with the combined abuse of hashish and tramadol has not been studied. To determine the effectiveness of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, donepezil hydrochloride was examined in patients with the combined abuse of cannabis and tramadol. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with mild cognitive impairment who were treated for the combined abuse of hashish and tramadol were examined. All patients are male, aged from 24 to 39 years. The survey was performed using clinical and psychopathological, clinical and anamnestic methods using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), with repeated conducting after 12 weeks. The main group included 19 patients who is in treatment with donepezil hydrochloride 10 mg/day, the control group included 12 people received placebo. The duration of treatment was 12 weeks.

KEYWORDS
Donepezil; mild cognitive impairment; cannabis abuse; tramadol RESULTS: When conducting a MoCA test before the treatment, the average score in the first group was 23.2 ± 0.4, in the second group was 23.12 ± 0.2. After the 3 months of treatment, this indicator in the main group was 24.1 ± 0.8, and in the control -23.12 ± 0.6. As a result of treatment with donepezil, there was an improvement in the following parameters of cognitive functions, such as verbal memory, attention and executive skills in 73.6% (n = 14), and also in 57.8% (n = 11) behavioural improvements. CONCLUSIONS: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, as in the example of donepezil hydrochloride treatment in patients with the combined abuse of cannabis and tramadol, have a positive effect on cognitive functions and behaviours.

Nagihan Cevher Binici and Ayşe Kutlu
Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, Health Sciences University, İzmir, Turkey ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder with a highly heterogeneous presentation and clinical appearance. In recent years, children with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT), characterized by a set of symptoms such as concentration problems, sleepy appearance, weakness in social relations and daydreaming, have begun to be mentioned. And it has been put forward that SCT can be seen together with ADHD but it is a separate disorder. The aim of the current study is to determine the clinical features of SCT accompanying ADHD in Turkish children and adolescents by comparing the scores of scales that fulfilled by their parents and teachers.

METHODS:
The clinical features of SCT were determined by comparison of scores of Child behaviour checklist(CBCL) and Teacher report form (TRF) of 55 children with ADHD and 55 children with ADHD and SCT in the ages of 6-17 years. Turgay DSM-IV-Based Child and Adolescent Behaviour Disorders Screening and Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-S) was used for the diagnosis of ADHD. The patients' parentsthe patients who have scored 3 points and more from the 4 questions of CBCL (8th, 17th, 80th and 102nd questions) were predicted that they might be SCT clinicwere asked to fill the Barkley Child Attention Scale for more detailed evaluation. In this questionnaire, the cut-off point was taken as 23 points. As a result of the clinical interview and evaluation of the scales filled by the teacher and the family, the presence of SCT and ADHD was evaluated and the sub-diagnosis groups of ADHD were determined.The mental capacities of the children were evaluated clinically and when they were thought to be mentally insufficient, the WISC-R intelligence test (Wechsler Intelligence for Children-Revised Form) was implemented.Patients with any psychiatric diagnosis other than ADHD or SCT or who had undergone head trauma with any neurological disease or loss of consciousness or who were taking any psychotropic medication or had a history of substance use were excluded from the study. RESULTS: Gender distribution is similar between the ADHD + SCT diagnosis groups and the ADHD diagnosis groups. Ages of children with ADHD and SCT were significantly older than the others (9.40 ± 2.44 and 7.85 ± 1.88; p < .05). SCT was more associated with ADHDinattention type (p < .05) In both CBCL and TRF subscales the scores of internalization and withdrawal subscales of children with ADHD and SCT were significantly higher than the children in ADHD group (p < .05). Parent CBCL the scores of externalization, delinquent behaviour and aggression subscale of the children with ADHD + SCT were lower than the children with ADHD (p < .05). Similarly TRF scores of externalization and aggression subscale of children with ADHD + SCT were lower than the children with ADHD (p < .05) CONCLUSIONS: The clinical features of SCT of Turkish children are consistent with children of the other countries and SCT may be defined as a new cluster of symptoms with intercultural validity. However, the question whether this is a subtype of ADHD or a distinct disorder is still a subject that needs the under investigation to be remained. OBJECTIVE: It is known that aggression and impulsivity levels are high in patients with substance use disorder (SUD). Rather than an undirectional relation between aggression and substance abuse such that one increases the tendency to the other, it is suggested that a bidirectional relation exists between them such that each increases the impact of the other. It was observed that the individuals who had high aggression and who had difficulty to control had started to use the substance to provide relief, but they showed aggressive behaviours during the period of intoxication and withdrawal. There are studies showing that impulsivity affects the age of first use, the amount of use and the way of substance use. In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical features of the patient groups according to the severity of impulsivity and aggression in the patients with SUD. METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with SUD according to DSM-5 and hospitalized between July 2017 and December 2017 in Bakirkoy Mental Health Research and Training Hospital, 12th Psychiatry Clinic were included in the study. Aggression levels of the patients were evaluated with the Buss-Perry Aggression Scale (BPAP) and impulsivity levels were evaluated by Barratt Impulsivity Scale Short Form (BDI-11). A sociodemographic and clinical data form was used to determine the clinical features of the patients. The Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI) was used. Depending on the aggression and impulsiveness level, patients were divided into "low" and "high" groups with 58 and 55 patients respectively. During inpatient treatment; any consultation request, physical detection and additional treatment applications were recorded. Groups were compared according to physical restraint application, parenteral additional treatment, consultation request, duration of substance use, number of inpatient treatment, number of parenteral additions, number of physical detections, duration of hospitalization. RESULTS: The duration of substance use and the duration of hospitalization was longer, the number of inpatient treatment was higher in the groups with high aggression and impulsivity. During the inpatient treatment, the need for consultation was found to be higher in patients with severe impulsivity and aggression. CGI scale scores were higher in both groups with high aggression and impulsivity. In addition to these parameters, the need for physical detection was higher in the group with severe impulsivity than the group with low impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of impulsivity and aggression affect the way of substance use and the prognosis of the disease. It is important to determine the severity of aggression and impulsivity in patients with SUD, in addition to the presence of admission diagnosis, gender, age, past history of treatment, history of the disease, family history of psychiatric disease and additional psychiatric disorder, which are defined as factors affecting the duration and number of hospitalizations in the literature. It is important to consider the level of aggression and impulsivity in treatment and clinical management difficulties of patients.

KEYWORDS
Aggression; impulsivity; substance use disorders Serum S100B, NT-3, and BDNF levels in children with autism spectrum disorder according to the initial type Hüseyin Tunca a and Elvan İşeri b a Diyarbakir Children's Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey; b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized with impairments in communication, reciprocal social interaction, presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour. Neuroinflammation and neurotrophic factors including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin 3 (NT3) are implicated in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to examine the interventions on the serum levels of S100B in relation to NT3 and BDNF in patients with congenital ASD in comparison with the patients with regressive ASD. METHODS: In this study, has been enrolled 52 children in the range of 29-72 months with diagnosed as ASD by the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria based on clinical examination. ASD patients were divided as two groups; symptoms of autism from birth to ASD group called as "Congenital ASD (n = 37)" group, symptoms of autism beginners after 18 months to ASD group called as "Regressive ASD (n = 15)" group. Also, it has been enrolled 29 healthy children in the range of 25-65 months as a control group. From all included participants collected blood samples. The blood samples were centrifuged, and then the separated serum was stored at −80°C until analysed for S100B, BDNF and NT3 levels. All statistical analyses were performed by using the SPSS for Windows 22.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). Statistical significance level was accepted as p < .05. RESULTS: It has been no significantly statistical difference in terms of age and gender at congenital ASD, regressive ASD and control groups (p > .05). It has been determined statistically significant difference in terms of blood S100B values of the study groups (p < .05).
Post-hoc pairwise comparisons revealed significant difference between the congenital ASD group and the control group. Serum S100B level of congenital OSB group was significantly higher than the control group. On the other hand study groups have no statistically significant difference in terms of serum BDNF and NT3 levels (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, S100B level was found to be higher in patients with congenital ASD than regressive ASD and control groups. Association of serum levels of S100B with autoimmunity were examined in children with ASD in a previous study. In the present study shows that serum S100B level is increased in patients with congenital ASD. Neurotrophic factors including NT3, and BDNF play a critical role in many processes in CNS including neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation and all cognitive functions. In previous studies, NT3 has been shown to be involved in the development and survival of the climbing fibre system of the inferior olive and the cerebellar Purkinje cell. Several studies show that serum NT3 levels are reduced in children with ASD. There are studies showing that BDNF levels are high in autism as well as studies showing that it is low. In the present study, BDNF and NT3 level in serum was not found to be higher in comparison with ASD and controls.

KEYWORDS
Autism spectrum disorder; S100B; NT-3; BDNF In psychiatric populations, this frequency differs greatly, ranging from 0.6% to 17%. In this study, we examined the prevalence of catatonia in the patients who were hospitalized in a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic between 15 October 2017 and 15 January 2018.

RESULTS:
The study included 28 females and 21 males. Twenty-seven patients were diagnosed with depression, 11 patients with psychotic disorder, 7 with bipolar disorder, 2 with obsessivecompulsive disorder and 2 with anorexia nervosa. The mean age of the participants was 15.36 (SD ± 1.75). Three out of 49 patients were diagnosed with catatonia. According to DSM-5, two patients with depression and one psychotic disorder met the catatonia diagnostic criteria. The prevalence of catatonia was found to be 6.12% in child and adolescent who were hospitalized in Uludag University School of Medicine. The prevalence of catatonia in children and adolescents with psychotic disorders was 9% and in children and adolescents with depression it was 7.4%. CONCLUSIONS: In the literature, reports about the catatonia and its epidemiology in child and adolescent psychiatry are limited. In conclusion, this present study aims to increase clinicians' awareness regarding the diagnosis and treatment of catatonia in child and adolescents. However, we need further studies in this field. Effects of riluzole and gabapentin on spatial learning, locomotor activity of anxiety and social behaviours in autism-like rat model agent, and gabapentin (increases GABA biosynthesis and modulates the action of glutamate decarboxylase) on learning, anxiety and social behaviours in rat model of ASD RESULTS: Three-chamber sociability test results; both sociability and social preference indices with strangers in the three-chamber social interaction test were significantly lower in the autism-like rats (p < .001). Sociability index was significantly higher in the riluzole treated group (p < .001) and social preference index higher in the riluzole treated, gabapentin treated and riluzole + gabapentin treated groups (p < .001). In the open field test, riluzole treated group has significantly more rearing and spent significantly less time in periphere (p < .05). In the Morris water maze test, the time spent at the quadrant which previously had had the escape platform was significantly higher in the riluzole group (p < .05). This result showed that riluzole increases social interaction and spatial learning skill, also decreases anxiety level. However gabapentin has more limited effect than riluzole in the ASD-like rat model. CONCLUSIONS: Our valproic acid-induced autism-like behaviours in rats was successful to provide an ASD model. All our results suggest that riluzole seems to have some possible positive effects on social interaction, anxiety level and spatial learning in an ASD-like rat model. Gabapentin, as a neuromodulator of GABA, limitedly effects on social behaviour. Further studies including detailed neuroimaging and biochemical investigations are needed to reveal how riluzole and gabapentin, together and separately, effects on ASD-like symptoms. These experimental findings would supply data for the clinical treatment options. underlying mechanism of actions; therefore, possible involvement of αand β-adrenergic receptors were examined in rats with diabetic neuropathic pain. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats of the same age (250-300 g weight) were used for the experiments. Diabetes was induced by injecting a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.v.) to the rats. Following the occurrence of nociceptive perception deficits in 4 weeks, reboxetine treatment (8 and 16 mg/kg for 14 days) was initiated and neuropathic pain parameters of the rats were evaluated by Randall-Selitto (mechanical hyperalgesia), dynamic plantar (mechanical allodynia), Hargreaves (thermal hyperalgesia) and warm plate (thermal allodynia) tests. Potential contribution of adrenergic system to the pharmacological effect of reboxetine were examined by using phentolamine (a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) and propranolol (a non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonist, 5 mg/ kg, i.p.). Further, in order to clarify possible participation of β-adrenergic receptor subtypes to the presented effects, β1-adrenoceptor antagonist metoprolol (15 mg/kg, i.p.), β2adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118,551 (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) and β3-adrenoceptor antagonist SR 5923A (7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) were used. The experimental protocol was approved by the Osmangazi University Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee. RESULTS: Propranolol and ICI 118,551 administrations significantly antagonized the antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects of reboxetine. However, phentolamine, metoprolol and SR 5923A treatments did not cause any notable difference. CONCLUSIONS: The antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic activities of reboxetine in neuropathic rats seem to be mediated by β2, but not by β1or β3-adrenoceptors. In addition, α-adrenoceptors are not involved in the observed effects. All these preclinical findings indicate that reboxetine could exert its beneficial effects on neuropathic pain through different mechanisms and contribution of other endogen systems should also be examined by further detailed studies.

Tahir Yıldız, Ferda Apa and Selim Tümkaya
Department of Psychiatry, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common disease in the community and associated with loss of social function. This disease is typically characterized by recurrent intrusive thoughts or obsessions and repetitive behaviours or mental actions. OCD patients have more impaired social functions than healthy individuals, however, the mechanisms underlying impaired social functions have not been known in these patients. From the social signs such as point of gaze and body posture, the intentions under the behaviour of people can be understood. In order to achieve successful social relationships, it is necessary to interpret the rapidly changing social life spontaneously without using cognitive energy and to integrate these comments with the previous information. Despite this importance, no study has been conducted to measure spontaneous social functions in OCD patients. METHODS: Using the caricature position that revealed differences between OCD and controls, eye movements of both groups were recorded, and fixations and fixation times were applied to the area of the faces (on the picture shown caricature a rectangle made using 0.18, 0.82 points and Y, 0.01, 0.34 points on the X axis was used) of both caricature. Therefore, subjects performed this test while eye movements were recorded with an eye tracking device. This instrument was simply used to mark the pupils with an infrared beam and record the coordinates of the pupil marked with a high-speed camera in motion. Then, when these coordinates were dropped on the subject that the subject was looking at, it was possible to calculate the time period in which the subject looked at the area of the picture. Both groups were compared in terms of number and duration of fixation on the face and circumference of the caricatures.

RESULTS:
The OCD group consisted of 10 people, 6 male and 4 female, and the control group consisted of 11 people, 7 male and 4 female. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of gender, age and education level (for all p < .05 for 5 min periods in order to minimize fatigue and distraction from the task. EMG was recorded from forearm muscles of the both arms by using differential channels. Data were analysed by using EEGLAB and MATLAB routines. In order to quantify amount of mirror movement in each trial, we used the ratio maximum amplitude of EMG when the hand was expected to be at rest to maximum amplitude of EMG when the corresponding hand was expected to be active. RESULTS: Both in the ADHD and the control groups, C3-C4 coherence values i.e. the coupling between left and right M1s was higher during the left-hand movement. When the left-hand movement was analysed comparing the two groups, there was movement onset related coherence values were lower in healthy controls both for the alpha and beta bands. But when the right-hand movement was analysed comparing the two groups, coherence values were similar for the alpha band whereas higher in the ADHD group for the beta band. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we compared ADHD and healthy control children with respect to the preparation and execution of a voluntary internally paced movement. We preferred continuous movement since we also wanted to evaluate mirror movement in relation to the possible changes in cortical coherence as a part of continuation of the movement. Increase in mirror movements during the right-hand movement especially in the ADHD group with also an increase in alpha band coherence can be conjectured that the level callosal inhibition was lower for ADHD compared to healthy controls. In addition during the right-hand movement, the difference between the groups was prominent only at the beginning and the end of movement, and the coherence values were changed at the end of the movement for healthy controls.

[Abstract:0553] [Addictions]
The evaluation of the relationship between internet addiction and problematic internet use in high school students

OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between suicide attempts and ideation with depression, insight, internalized stigmatization and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Thirty-six suicide attempters and 52 not suicide attempters who were admitted to the psychiatry outpatient clinic of Ondokuz Mayıs University and diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were included in the study. Patients were then divided into two groups according to the score they obtained from the eighth item of the Calgary Schizophrenia Depression Scale (CSDS), which were not suicidal ideations (0 points) and suicidal ideations (1, 2 or 3 points). All of the patients who participated in the study were included in the study, sociodemographic information form, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Schizophrenia Depression Scale (CDSS), Schedule for Assessing the Three Component of Insight (SAI), The Quality of Life Scale for Schizophrenia Patients (QLSS), The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scala (ISMIS) and the The Suicide Thought Scale (STS). RESULTS: Patients with suicide attempts were more likely to be single, with lower quality of life and higher levels of internalized stigmatization. Patients with suicidal ideation had higher PANSS total scores, higher depressive symptom severity, lower quality of life and higher internalized stigmatization scores than those without suicidal ideation. There was no difference between the groups in terms of insight levels. There was a strong, positive correlation between STS and CSDS. There was a moderate, positive correlation between STS and PANSS, ISMI. It was determined that there was a moderate, negative correlation between STS and QLSS. After the regression analysis, depression was found to be a predictor of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: Depression is a risk factor for suicide of schizophrenia. In order to prevent suicide in schizophrenia, factors that may cause depression should be carefully assessed.  In developing societies, unresolved problems related to women's place and rights have a significant effect in the field of mental health. One of the main issues in this regard is to define difficulties women will face after becoming a mother and steps to be taken to eliminate them. The aim of the study is to determine the attitudes of people towards working mothers and related factors in Turkey. METHODS: A descriptive, online-survey research design was chosen to examine the attitudes of society. Link containing online survey was sent through the investigators' mail lists. Submitting the online survey constituted participants' consent to participate in the study. Attitudes toward working mothers scale which was developed by Aydın et al. and socio-demographic information form were used within the survey form. RESULTS: A total of 1144 people participated in the survey, including 578 women and 566 men. Total score difference was statistically significant between the women and men, women showed lower scores which means more positive attitudes (p < .001). It was seen that those whose mothers never work have higher scores in both total and subscale scores (p < .001). The attitudes of working women are more positive than non-working women; but working men's attitudes are more negative than those who are not working at the same education levels (p < .005). As the level of education increases, attitudes are getting more positive in both groups ( Figure 1). CONCLUSIONS: There can be many reasons which cause the educational level and attitude relationship, but it may be one of the reasons which was shown in literature as mothers from lowmiddle socioeconomic levels take less place in working life. The more negative attitudes of working men than non-working group is difference of the study from current literature. Considering the reasons behind this, present literature is mostly from the western countries and eastern culture is dominant in our society. The fact that the earnings of the males who do not work are often dependent on their spouses, which empowering them to have empathy, while the men with economic freedom, are independent from their spouses, may have been the driving force to have dominate over them and this can cause negative attitudes. Every improvement to support women who are willing to be involved in labour after postpartum period will be protective and curative in terms of well-being of both mothers and society. This study helps to understand and support mothers in workforce but there is need for further investigations.