Occurrence of the genus Oopristus Steffan in India with description of a new species and an updated catalogue of the family Torymidae Walker (1833) (Hymenoptera: chalcidoidea)

Abstract The genus Oopristus Steffan is being reported for the first time from India. O. iqrae Usman and Anwar sp. nov. is described based on females. An updated catalogue to the family Torymidae is provided from India. This catalogue lists 75 valid species included in 21 genera and four subfamilies. The subfamily Podagrioninae includes the largest number of 34 species (6 genera) followed by Toryminae 28 species (7 genera), Monodontomerinae 10 species (6 genera), and Microdontomerinae 3 species (2 genera). New combinations are provided for two Indian species of Pseuderimerus as Erimerus corianderi (Narendran and Mercy) comb. nov. and E. indicus (Subba Rao and Bhatia) comb. nov. Three species, Chrysochalcissa physomeri Bouček, Diomorus orientalis Masi, and Torymus varians (Walker), are removed from the fauna list of India. Article LSID: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D20A52AB-152E-4319-9E92-DC7CCFEF4238 Species LSID: Oopristus iqrae Usman & Anwar http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4538D5EB-A348-4B52-80A8-997DDE730A9A


Introduction
The wasps of the family Torymidae Walker (1833) are mostly small and metallic in colour, and their females usually have long ovipositor Gibson (1993).They are either parasitic or phytophagus or sometimes both, and are found in almost all habitat throughout the world Grissell (1995).The family consists of 69 valid extant genera and more than 1100 described species (Grissell 1995;Janšta et al. 2017;Noyes 2019).The most comprehensive work on world Torymidae based on morphological features was provided by Grissell (1995) in which he classified Torymidae into two subfamilies: (1) Megastigminae represented mostly by phytophagous (seed-feeders) and only a few entomophagous species, and (2) Toryminae with primarily entomophagous species.He further classified Toryminae into seven tribes viz.Chalcimerini, Microdontomerini, Monodontomerini, Palachiini, Podagrionini, Torymini, and Torymoidini.However, Janšta et al. (2017) revised the family on molecular basis and proposed to elevate Toryminae and Megastigminae to family rank (namely Torymidae sensu stricto and Megastigmidae) and within Torymidae s.s., they recognized six subfamilies, viz.Monodontomerinae, Toryminae, Podagrioninae, Chalcimerinae, Glyphomerinae, and Microdontomerinae and four tribes: Palachiini, Torymoidini, Boucekinini, and Propalachiini.
Hence, the present work compiles the available knowledge on the family Torymidae in light of latest classification.A new species belonging to the genus Oopristus Steffan is also described based on Indian material.

Methods
Collections were made using sweep nets in Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh, India.The materials were stored in 80% ethanol solution and mounted on rectangular cards for further studies.For a detailed study, antenna and a pair of wings were mounted on slides following Anwar et al. (2020) and one hind leg was dissected and mounted on the same card with the body and head.Body colours and measurements were noted from the card mounts and measurements of antenna and wings were taken from slide mounts.All the measurements in mm.Photographs of card mounts were taken using a digital camera attached on a stereozoom binocular Nikon SMZ 1000 microscope.The photographs of the slide-mounted parts were taken with a Leica® DFC295 digital camera attached to a Leica® DM 2500 compound microscope.Photographic plates were prepared using Adobe Photoshop® 7.0.The terms mentioned in the text are as per Boucek (1974), Grissell (1995) and Lima and Dias (2018).
The catalogue is prepared based on a survey of all the existing literature.The valid name of each species is included along with synonyms, type localities and type depositories.Significant citations were provided regarding taxonomic history and distribution of the species in different states of India.The genera and species are listed in alphabetical order.All the genera are listed in  Steffan (1968) erected the genus Oopristus with O. safavii Steffan its type species.Later, Bouček (1978) transferred Chalcis turkestanica Skriptshinsky (1929) to Oopristus as O. turkestanicus, and synonymised O. safavii Steffan under it.Tarla et al. (2010) added two species to the genus from Turkey, and provided a detailed diagnosis, distribution and a key to three species.Bouček (1978) reported the genus from Oriental region which was also mentioned in catalogs of Narendran (1994), andGrissell (1995).We here report the genus Oopristus for the first time from India and describe a new species O. iqrae sp.nov. of the world have short and barely exserted ovipositor.The other unique characters that can be used to diagnose this species are as follows: antenna with F1-F5 subequal in length and shorter than succeeding funicular segments; F7 the longest; clava 2× as long as broad, longer than F6-F8 combined; fore wing 2.2× as long as broad; STV longer than broad; metafemur 1.6× as long as broad, with 8 ventral teeth; tooth-1 separated from tooth-2 by a wide gap; tooth-2 robust; tooth-7 the smallest, tooth-8 pointed, and subequal to tooth-2; ovipositor distinctly exserted, exserted part of ovipositor 1.1× as long as gaster and 1.8× as long as metatibia.(Walker) are removed from the Indian fauna list as there are no relevant literature record found that includes these three species in India.All the genera are listed in Table I with their tribal and subfamilial position which also includes the number of species from India and the world.
Indian hosts.Round gall on oak leaf.Distribution.Himachal Pradesh.

Table I .
Number of species in Indian genera from the world and India.