Complete mitochondrial genome of Liorhyssus hyalinus (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae)

Abstract The mitogenome of Liorhyssus hyalinus (Fabricius, 1794), decoded using next-generation sequencing, is the first report of Liorhyssus. The mitogenomic size was 16,355 bp with 41.99% A, 33.44% T, 14.53% C, and 10.05% G (OM328158). The phylogenetic tree, constructed with the amino acid sequences of 13 protein-coding genes, showed that L. hyalinus clustered together with other species in Rhopalidae, which supported the monophyly of each family in Pentatomomorpha.

Liorhyssus hyalinus (Fabricius, 1794), with 20 synonymic names, is distributed across all continents except the coldest parts in the north and south (Hradil et al. 2007). It is found at elevations from 360 m below sea level to 3660 m, and causes serious damage to many low-growing crop plants, especially those in the family Asteraceae, by feeding primarily on the reproductive parts of plants, including buds, flowers, seeds, and fruits. Owing to their strong plasticity in size and coloration, identifying them based on their morphological characteristics is difficult (Hradil et al. 2007). The mitogenome of L. hyalinus was decoded to overcome this challenge.
The mitogenomic size of L. hyalinus (OM328158) was 16,355 bp. Liorhyssus hyalinus shared a gene distribution pattern similar to that of C. macilentum (MN412594). A total of 33 bp intergenic spacers were distributed across eight locations. The shortest intergenic spacer was 1 bp, whereas the longest was 19 bp. A total of 27 bp overlaps were distributed across six locations. The shortest overlap was 1 bp and the longest overlap was 8 bp. The non-coding control region was 1781 bp in length. The initiation codon for most PCGs was ATN, except for cox1 (TTG). Seven genes used either T or TA as incomplete stop codons.
The phylogenetic tree showed that L. hyalinus clustered together with other species in Rhopalidae and grouped sibling species with Stictopleurus subviridis. The tree supported the monophyly of each family of Pentatomomorpha. The mitogenomic information on L. hyalinus can shed light on its identification and geographic origin (Figure 1).

Ethical approval
Liorhyssus hyalinus is a common pest on crop plants in China as well as not recorded in the species list-of-ethics committees for research involving animals of the Guizhou Normal University. Therefore, no ethical approval or other relevant permission can be provided for the study.
paper, and finally approved the version to be published. All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).