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Research Article

A Self in the Mirror: Mirror Neurons, Self-Referential Processing, and Substance Use Disorders

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Pages 1697-1726
Published online: 30 Jun 2010

Mirror neurons in the Rhesus monkey and the mirror neuron system (MNS) in the human brain respond to actions that are executed by self and observed in another animal or person (i.e., imitated). The status of the MNS in humans is unclear, with some positive and some negative findings using electroencephalography and functional neuroimaging. We suggest that the fronto-parietal MNS may be disparate nodes or modules of a (poorly understood) self-referential processing system that is important in drug abuse and addiction. We then discuss some theories of the etiology of these disorders that emphasize the self. A modular approach to human brain organization and function (as opposed to strict localizationist or extreme globalist models) may resolve some issues surrounding the MNS and drug abuse.

THE AUTHORS

David B. Newlin, Ph.D., is a Senior Research Scientist at RTI International, a large, nonprofit research institute. He was previously on the faculty in psychology at Purdue University, then spent many years at NIH's National Institute on Drug Abuse. His research concerns the etiology of substance use disorders, primarily using psychophysiological and neuroimaging techniques. He has long-standing interests in tolerance and sensitization to drugs, genetic and environmental risk for alcoholism, and control theory and evolutionary theory as they relate to substance use disorders. He is a member of the editorial board of Substance Use and Misuse.

Rachael M. Renton, B.S., is currently a research assistant at the Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging at Georgetown University. She received her undergraduate degree in biopsychology from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

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