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Research Article

Children's development of intonation during the first year of cochlear implant experience

&
Pages 51-70
Received 31 Dec 2010
Accepted 11 May 2011
Published online: 05 Jul 2011

This article describes the longitudinal development of intonation in 18 deaf children who received cochlear implants (CIs) before the age of 3 years and 12 infants with typical development (TD) who served as controls. At the time their implants were activated, the children with CIs ranged in age from 9 to 36 months. Cross-group comparisons were made when the children had equivalent amounts of robust hearing experience but different chronological ages. This article reports the results for the 6-month period ending 9 months after activation of the child’s device for children with CIs, and the 6-month period ending at 12 months of age for TD infants. The findings were compared with a model of early intonation development in children with normal hearing. The results indicated that all groups progressed through one or more of the stages predicted by the normative model. At the end of the study period, however, children who had received a CI later than 24 months reached a more mature stage of intonation development than younger CI recipients. Moreover, the older CI group reached the same stage of development as the TD infants who had 3 additional months of language listening experience. The findings suggest that the developmental advantage which older children had previously demonstrated shortly after activation of their CIs is maintained throughout most or all of the first year of CI use.

Acknowledgements

This research was funded by a National Institutes of Health grant through the National Institute of Deafness and other Communicative Disorders R01DC007863 awarded to the second author. We thank Arnold Olszewski, Andrea Einterz and Katie Connell for their contributions to the data analysis portions of this research and the children and families who made this study possible.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the contents and the writing of this paper.

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