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Research Article

Caddisfly (Insecta: Trichoptera) diversity in the Ozarks and tallgrass prairie transitional zone, Arkansas and Missouri, USA

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Pages 223-234
Published online: 23 Jun 2020
 

ABSTRACT

Adult caddisfly (Trichoptera) community assemblages were studied in nine streams located in the transitional zone of the Ozarks and tallgrass prairie ecoregions. Seventy-two species, 36 genera, and 15 families were collected from among these streams. Cluster analysis showed taxa similarity among sites was grouped by geographic proximity rather than stream type, but, within the primary clusters, there also was separation among the streams. Predominantly spring-fed streams were less closely related to the other streams in those clusters. Among streams within a park, there were distinct differences among their respective faunas, which is likely due to local physical and chemical differences in those streams. An NMDS analysis was consistent with the similarity analysis with streams ordinating primarily based on geographic proximity (stress = 0.07, R2 = 0.76) and not stream type (multiresponse permutation procedure: A = 0.289, p = 0.003). Results from free permutation testing showed half of the environmental variables included in the model were significant (p ≤ 0.05). The most important findings of this study are that highest taxa similarities were among streams in the same park (local scale) as opposed to similar stream types among parks (regional scale), but there also was substantial variation among stream types within parks due to local factors.

RÉSUMÉ

Les assemblages de communautés de trichoptères adultes ont été étudiés à neuf ruisseaux situés dans la zone de transition des écorégions des monts Ozark et de la prairie haute. Soixante-douze espèces, 36 genres et 15 familles ont été collectés. L’analyse de groupement a montré une similarité des taxons entre les sites selon la proximité géographique plutôt que le type de ruisseau. Toutefois, il y avait des différences entre les ruisseaux à l’intérieur des groupes primaires. Les ruisseaux principalement alimentés par les eaux printanières étaient moins liés aux autres ruisseaux à l’intérieur des groupes. Il y avait des différences marquées entre les faunes des ruisseaux dans un parc, probablement en raison de différences physiques et chimiques locales. Les résultats de l’analyse de cadrage multidimensionnel non-métrique étaient en ligne avec l’analyse de similarité, les ruisseaux étant principalement ordonnés sur la base de la proximité géographique (stress = 0,07, R2 = 0,76) plutôt que du type de ruisseau (procédure de permutation multiréponse: A = 0,289, p = 0,003). Les résultats des tests de permutation libre montrent que la moitié des variables environnementales incluses dans le modèle étaient significatives (p ≤ 0,05). Le résultat le plus important de cette étude est que la plus grande similitude a été trouvée entre les taxons d’un même parc (échelle local) plutôt que ceux d’un même type de ruisseau dans un même parc (échelle régionale). Il y avait toutefois beaucoup de variation entre les types de ruisseaux entre les parcs en raison de facteurs locaux.

Acknowledgments

This paper is dedicated to my late friend and colleague, Kip Heth. Cameron Cheri kindly assisted with statistical analyses and reviewed an earlier draft of this paper. I thank Ted Hilmer, Gary Sullivan, Jim Heaney, Lana Henry, Rand Becker, Kevin Eads, Nolan Moore, and Jan Hinsey for their assistance on this study. Ed DeWalt and one anonymous reviewer provided constructive comments on an earlier version of this paper. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this paper are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

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