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Articles

De-naturalizing ecological disaster: colonialism, racism and the global Dust Bowl of the 1930s

Pages 234-260
Published online: 27 Jul 2016
 

This paper reinterprets the Dust Bowl on the US Southern Plains as one dramatic regional manifestation of a global socio-ecological crisis generated by the realities of settler colonialism and imperialism. In so doing, it seeks to deepen historical-theoretical understandings of the racialized division of nature and humanity making possible the global problem of soil erosion by the 1930s and forming the heart of the ecological rift of capitalism. The framework developed here challenges prevalent conceptions of the Dust Bowl, in which colonial and racial-domination aspects of the crisis are invisible, and affirms the necessity of deeper conceptions of environmental (in)justice.

Acknowledgements

Thank you to the very helpful anonymous reviewers at JPS. And many thanks to the wonderful Department of Anthropology and Sociology at Amherst College for feedback on earlier drafts of this manuscript, as well as to the local participants and organizers at Mt. Holyoke College of the Dust Bowl exhibit traveling nationally, Dust, Drought, and Dreams Gone Dry. They invited me to present this research, receive feedback and learn from other lectures and discussions associated with the exhibit. Thanks also to Rebecca Clausen, Fred Magdoff, Michaeline Crichlow, Michael Yates, Dwaipayan Sen, Colleen Woods, John Bellamy Foster, Christina Ergas, Erik Wallenberg, Brett Clark, Edward Melillo, Richard York, Jeff Humphrey, Eunmi Mun, Stefano Longo, Jan Dizard, Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz and Chris Williams, who either helped through discussion or provided feedback on all or part of this work at various stages in its development. Special thanks to Gretchen Gano, Fayise Abrahim, Thomas Matthew, Paula Peña, Syed Abbas Shah, Amanda Strickland and Noraida Colón for excellent research and library assistance.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Hannah Holleman

Hannah Holleman is assistant professor of sociology at Amherst College. Her current book project, Dustbowls of empire, addresses systematically the themes and issues raised in this paper and their direct relation to contemporary socio-ecological problems. It also suggests new ways forward for social science research, social theory and activists seeking not only to explain and avoid the development of global dustbowls in the era of climate change, but also to transcend the unjust social relations at their root. She is the author of numerous articles focused on social theory, political economy and environmental sociology. Relevant academic works include: ‘Energy policy and environmental possibilities: biofuels and key protagonists of ecological change’, in Rural Sociology (2012); the award-winning ‘Weber and the environment: classical foundations for a post-exemptionalist sociology’, in American Journal of Sociology (2012), coauthored with John Bellamy Foster; and ‘The theory of unequal ecological exchange: a Marx-Odum dialectic’, in Journal of Peasant Studies (2014), also coauthored with John Bellamy Foster.

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