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Articles

Geographies of Graffiti Abatement: Zero Tolerance in Portland, San Francisco, and Seattle

Pages 624-632
Received 01 Jul 2017
Accepted 01 Jan 2018
Published online: 23 Apr 2018
 

In this article, we examine graffiti abatement policies and programs in three West Coast U.S. cities: Portland, San Francisco, and Seattle. Through this analysis, several similarities in the graffiti abatement efforts of each city emerged. Since the 1990s, graffiti abatement efforts in these cities have become increasingly formalized and coordinated. By the early 2000s, the cities of Portland, San Francisco, and Seattle adopted zero-tolerance approaches toward handling graffiti and those caught making graffiti. City governments have placed increasing responsibility for cleaning up graffiti on private property onto property owners. Despite the increased coordination and effort, annual abatement estimates are hard to obtain because tracking spending on graffiti abatement across agencies and bureaus is difficult and often the cities do not comprehensively compile these data.

我们于本文中检视美国西岸三大城市的清除涂鸦政策: 波特兰、旧金山与西雅图。此般分析展现出各城市致力于清除涂鸦的若干相似性。自 1990 年代开始, 这些城市清除涂鸦的努力便逐渐正式化与协作化。 2000 年代早期, 波特兰、旧金山与西雅图这几个城市, 开始对于处理涂鸦和涂鸦现行犯採取零容忍政策。市政府逐渐将清除私人财产涂鸦的责任转移至产权所有者身上。仅管有逐渐增加的协作与努力, 但却很难取得年度清除的评估, 因为追踪各行动者和市政单位清除涂鸦的花费相当困难, 而城市经常并非全面性地收集这些数据。

En este artículo examinamos las políticas y programas para la reducción del grafiti en tres ciudades de la costa occidental de los EE.UU.: Portland, San Francisco y Seattle. Por medio de este análisis, se visibilizaron varias similitudes en los esfuerzos de reducción del grafiti de cada ciudad. Desde los años 1990, los esfuerzos para reducir el grafiti en estas ciudades crecientemente han llegado a ser formalizados y coordinados. A principios de los años 2000 las ciudades de Portland, San Francisco y Seattle adoptaron en el manejo del grafiti enfoques de tolerancia cero con quienes fuesen sorprendidos en el momento de pintarlo. Cada vez más los gobiernos citadinos asignan la responsabilidad de limpiar el grafiti pintado sobre paredes privadas a los dueños de la propiedad. A pesar de mayor coordinación y más esfuerzo, los cálculos de la reducción anual de esta práctica son difíciles de obtener debido a que el gasto de rastreo para la reducción del grafiti a través de agencias y burós se dificulta, por lo que a menudo las ciudades no compilan de manera detallada esos datos.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Hunter Shobe

HUNTER SHOBE is an Associate Professor in the Department of Geography at Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201. E-mail: . His work explores the cultural and political dimensions of how people connect to, interact with, and create meaning in different places. His research interests include place-based studies of soccer, graffiti, and music.

Tiffany Conklin

TIFFANY CONKLIN is a Project Manager in the Survey Research Lab at Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201. E-mail: . Her work explores the sociopolitical dimensions of how the public interacts with graffiti and street art. Her research interests include public space, street art, graffiti, and resistance art.

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