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Original Articles

Robust Likelihood Cross-Validation for Kernel Density Estimation

Pages 761-770
Received 01 Jun 2017
Accepted author version posted online: 09 Jan 2018
Published online: 06 Jun 2018
 

Likelihood cross-validation for kernel density estimation is known to be sensitive to extreme observations and heavy-tailed distributions. We propose a robust likelihood-based cross-validation method to select bandwidths in multivariate density estimations. We derive this bandwidth selector within the framework of robust maximum likelihood estimation. This method establishes a smooth transition from likelihood cross-validation for nonextreme observations to least squares cross-validation for extreme observations, thereby combining the efficiency of likelihood cross-validation and the robustness of least-squares cross-validation. We also suggest a simple rule to select the transition threshold. We demonstrate the finite sample performance and practical usefulness of the proposed method via Monte Carlo simulations and a real data application on Chinese air pollution.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The author thanks the Editor, Associate Editor and two anonymous referees for valuable comments and suggestions. Financial assistance from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71703108) is acknowledged.