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ARTICLES

The Emergence of Standardized, Idealized, and Placeless Landscapes in Midwestern Main Street Postcards

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Pages 216-230
Received 01 Feb 2007
Accepted 01 Jun 2008
Published online: 09 Apr 2009
 

Although Main Streets line small towns from Florida to Alaska, Main Street is more than just a street name; it is a place imbued with local pride, regional identity, and national virtues. This symbolic connection derives from the Midwestern Main Streets of the first half of the twentieth century, a time that coincides with the golden age of the picture postcard. This article explores how the connotative and denotative symbols from this golden age overlap. A sample of 140 postcards from small towns in Kansas and Nebraska with a viable Main Street from 1900 to 1945 was selected from books, personal collections, and Internet auction sites. Our discovery of a disconnect between picture postcard and reality was not surprising, but there was a shift from the significance of basic denotative signs and the particularities of individual Main Streets in the early part of the twentieth century to an increased importance of connotative signs unifying a homogeneous Main Street ideal. Three distinct eras of postcard manipulation emerged from the data: A slightly manipulated 1900–1911 era, a 1912–1930 era emphasizing a corridor of progress, and a 1931–1945 era that displayed a growing detachment from reality and moved from the unique characteristics of a particular town toward a homogenized and idealized “Main Street view.” This article offers empirical evidence for the theoretical propositions of humanist and critical geographers that the representations of the American landscape are becoming increasingly homogenized, contrived, and placeless.

Aunque las Main Streets (calles reales) alinean los pueblos pequeños desde Florida hasta Alaska, la Main Street es algo más que el simple nombre de una calle; es un lugar teñido de orgullo local, identidad regional y virtudes nacionales. Esta conexión simbólica proviene de las Main Streets del Medio Oeste de la primera mitad del siglo XX, tiempo que coincide con la época dorada de la tarjeta postal pintoresca. Este artículo explora la manera como se traslapan los símbolos que identifican y representan aquella edad dorada. Se seleccionó una muestra de 140 postales encontradas en libros, colecciones personales y sitios de subastas de Internet, cuyos temas pictóricos corresponden a pequeñas ciudades y pueblos de Kansas y Nebraska, de 1900 a 1945, dotados de una típica Main Street. No es de sorprender el descubrimiento de una desconexión entre los cuadros de las postales y la realidad, pero sí el hecho de una evolución de la importancia de signos denotativos básicos y particularidades de Main Street individuales, a comienzos del siglo XX, hacia la prevalencia de signos connotativos que se integren homogéneamente en una Main Street ideal. Los datos permitieron establecer la existencia de tres distintas eras de manipulación de las postales: Una era ligeramente manipulada entre 1900 y 1911, otra era de 1912 a 1930 que destacaba un corredor de progreso, y una era de 1931 a 1945 en la que las postales desplegaban un creciente alejamiento de la realidad, pasando de las características únicas de un pueblo particular hacia una homogeneizada e idealizada “vista de Main Street.” Este artículo ofrece evidencia empírica en soporte de las proposiciones teóricas de geógrafos humanistas y críticos, en el sentido de que las representaciones del paisaje norteamericano se están volviendo cada vez más homogeneizadas, alienadas y despojadas de la connotación de lugar.

KAREN DeBRES is a Professor in the Department of Geography at Kansas State University, 123 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506. E-mail: . Her research interests include tourism, Europe, gender, cultural geography, the Great Plains, and urban geography.

JACOB SOWERS is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography, Geology, and Planning at Missouri State University, 369 Temple Hall, Springfield, MO 65897. E-mail: . His research interests focus on existential ecotones and the interplay of tourism and energy development on place identity and attachment in the rural Midwest.

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