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Original Articles

Comparing an Individual's Test Score Against Norms Derived from Small Samples

Pages 482-486
Published online: 09 Aug 2010
 
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The standard method for comparing an individual's test score with a normative sample involves converting the score to a z score and evaluating it using a table of the area under the normal curve. When the normative sample is small, a more appropriate method is to treat the individual as a sample of N = 1 and use a modified t test described by Sokal and Rohlf (1995). The use of this t test is illustrated with examples and its results compared to those from the standard procedure. It is suggested that the t test be used when the N of the normative sample is less than 50. Finally, a computer program that implements the modified t-test procedure is described. This program can be downloaded from the first author's website.