The study investigates the spatial and temporal variation of groundwater table within municipal precincts of Rawalpindi metropolitan city. The research was based on current and historic withdrawals as a primary source of drinking water supply. A geodatabase of 278 tube wells with three distinct timelines of recorded subsurface water levels was developed. Vertical sections were extracted from the interpolated surfaces and reconciled to a common x, y reference to isolate spatial and temporal trend of water table. Over exploitation of groundwater is leading to progressive depletion of the groundwater resource. The decline in groundwater level was observed to be steep in areas farthest from the potential recharge zones, a phenomenon that is also coincident with the density of the installed wells. Gradual cessation of pumpage within the metropolitan area and artificial means of replenishing the groundwater aquifer are recommended.
113
Views
0
CrossRef citations
Altmetric
Articles
Spatio-temporal analysis of groundwater regime within Rawalpindi Municipal Jurisdiction, Pakistan
Iftikhar Abbas United Nations Development Programme, Islamabad, Pakistan., H.M. Rafique School of Physical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan., Muhammad A. Sohl Water Resource Division, National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt) Limited, Lahore, Pakistan., Attia Falak School of Physical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan., Shahid Mahmood Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770, Muhammad Imran Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770, Yousef Al-Zaghayer Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770, Adulrehman Al-Awadi Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770 & Asif Mahmood Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770Correspondenceahayat@ksu.edu.sa
show all
Iftikhar Abbas United Nations Development Programme, Islamabad, Pakistan., H.M. Rafique School of Physical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan., Muhammad A. Sohl Water Resource Division, National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt) Limited, Lahore, Pakistan., Attia Falak School of Physical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan., Shahid Mahmood Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770, Muhammad Imran Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770, Yousef Al-Zaghayer Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770, Adulrehman Al-Awadi Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770 & Asif Mahmood Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel. +966 1 4676780, Fax: +966 1 4678770Correspondenceahayat@ksu.edu.sa
show all
show all
Pages 1472-1483
Received 09 Jan 2013
Accepted 12 Mar 2013
Published online: 29 Apr 2013