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Terrorism in Two Cultures: Stress and Growth Following September 11 and the Madrid Train Bombings
- DOI:
- 10.1080/15325020802173660
a*, Patricia A. Frazierb & Jose Luis Zacchaninicpages 511-527
Available online: 15 Nov 2008Abstract
In this study, we compared the prevalence of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic growth following the September 11, 2001, attacks in the United States and the March 11, 2004, Madrid, Spain train bombings. We also examined meaning in life as a correlate of posttrauma outcomes. A sample of midwestern college students (N = 188) reported less PTSD symptom severity following September 11 than did a sample of college students from southern Spain (N = 48) following the Madrid bombings. Americans reported more positive change than Spaniards following terrorism. Meaning in life was related to more positive outcomes in both countries.
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- Citation information:
- Available online: 15 Nov 2008
Author affiliations
- a Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- b Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota–Twin Cities Campus, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- c Department of Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
Author notes
- Michael F. Steger -
Michael F. Steger is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at Colorado State University, Fort Collins. His research focuses on the role meaning plays in enhancing well-being and reducing psychological distress.
- Patricia A. Frazier -
Patricia A. Frazier is a Professor at the University of Minnesota. Her research focus has been to identify factors associated with adjustment to stressful or traumatic life events, with particular regard to the role of perceived control.
- Jose Luis Zacchanini -
Jose Luis Zacchanini is a Professor at the University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
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