
This paper offers a definition of social holism that makes the doctrine non-trivial but possibly true. According to that definition, the social holist maintains that people depend non-causally on interaction with one another for possession of the capacity to think; the thesis is meant to be a contingent truth but one, like physicalism, that is plausible in the light of some a priori argument and some plausible empirical assumptions. The paper also sketches an argument in support of social holism, which connects with themes in a number of traditions, philosophical and sociological. The key idea is that people depend on socially shared dispositions and responses for the ability to identify – identify fallibly – the properties and other entities that they consider in each individual has to the course of thinking.
Philip Pettit is Professor of Social and Political Theory at the Australian National University and is a regular visiting Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University, New York. Among his recent books are The Common Mind: An Essay on Psychology, Society and Politics (OUP 1993, 1996), Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government (OUP 1997) and (with Marcia Baron and Michael Slote) Three Methods of Ethics: A Debate (Blackwell 1997).