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Connection Science

Volume 5, Issue 1, 1993

Learning Simple Arithmetic Procedures

Learning Simple Arithmetic Procedures

DOI:
10.1080/09540099308915684
GARRISON W. COTTRELLa & FU-SHENG TSUNGa

pages 37-58

Available online: 24 Oct 2007

Abstract

Rumelhan et al. (1986b) proposed a model of how symbolic processing may be achieved by parallel distributed processing (PDP) networks. Their idea is tested by training two types of recurrent networks to learn to add two numbers of arbitrary lengths. This turned out to be a fruitful exercise. We demonstrate: (1) that networks can learn simple programming constructs such as sequences, conditional branches and while loops; (2) that by lsquo;going sequential’ in this manner, we are able to process artibrarily long problems; (3) a manipulation of the training environment, called combined subset training (CST), that was found to be necessary to acquire a large training set; (4) a power difference between simple recurrent networks and Jordan networks by providing a simple procedure that one can learn and the other cannot.

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Details

  • Available online: 24 Oct 2007

Author affiliations

  • a Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California at San Diego, 0114, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

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